Friday, May 25, 2012

In Egypt's elections, politics is a new family affair

Ayman Mohyeldin

My cousin Mai Mohyeldin, voting for the first time in her life. Her niece Fareeda, looks on. Future generations of Egyptians will grow up knowing their civic responsibilities and rights in the wake of the revolution.

By Ayman Mohyeldin, NBC News

CAIRO, EGYPT -- I witnessed a transformation on my return to my childhood home in Cairo on Wednesday.

Three generations of my family piled into a Hyundai hatchback and headed off to the polling booth.

After boycotting politics for much of their lives, my aunt Faten, 64, and my cousins, Mai, 27, and Reham, 33, along with Reham?s two daughters, Habeeba, 6, and Fareeda, 1, braved the heat and stood in line to vote.


Like millions of other Egyptians, they were claiming a stake in their country. Their decisions were in the works for weeks, but it only took a few minutes to cast their ballots in what could be the most important choice any of them has made in shaping their country's future.

'We want to live ... like human beings': Egyptians vote?

?It was important to vote because these were the first elections after the revolution. The next president will have so much to do to put this country on a better path, which is what everybody wants,? Mai says.

As for my aunt Faten, she never imagined that she would vote in a genuine election in Egypt during her lifetime.

Standing in front of the five-story building where I once lived with my parents and sister, and where my extended family still lives, I saw myself 30 years earlier as a little boy looking out the back window of a car loaded with luggage heading to the airport.?

My parents had seen Egypt?s glory days in the 1960s and 1970s fade away after President Hosni Mubarak took power in 1981. ?A brighter future full of opportunity awaited us in the U.S., my parents believed. So, they like so many others, they emigrated.

There were good reasons to leave Egypt.

My aunt, uncles and cousins sat idly year after year as Egyptian leaders were confirmed by popular referenda. Corruption flourished, and people?s votes and voices mattered less and less.

?Our voices never mattered, it was the voice of the president that would be dictated on to the people, not the voice of the people that would be dictated to the leader,? my aunt tells me.

Ayman Mohyeldin

A volunteer helps women identify their names on registration records at a polling station in Cairo.

?I thought my daughters would never genuinely vote in their lifetime either,? she says.?

My cousins Reham and Mai are both around my age. They grew up in an Egypt gripped by the sense of bleakness and lack of opportunity that had driven my parents to emigrate.

Their vote on Wednesday was meant to reverse those stagnant decades. More precisely, their vote was simply about believing they could reverse those times.?

These presidential elections ? Egypt?s first free and fair vote ? were a step along a painstaking process that began nearly 16 months ago with a public uprising that swept Mubarak from power.?

For many who live in active democracies, the idea of casting a ballot can be taken for granted: Voting, whether it's for local councils or presidents, is a routine, often fleeting moment squeezed into the day before rushing off to work or perhaps during a lunch break.

But this historic moment is not lost on people in budding democracies, like Egypt?s: My family voted knowing that others had died to make it possible.

Aside from the politics of the vote ? who they would vote for, why they chose their candidate, what did they want their candidate to achieve on their behalf ? there was an underlying belief among my aunt and cousins that this time they had a role, this time their voice mattered, this time the candidates have to work to earn their trust.

?Who could believe that these people would stand up on TV and try to convince us that he is one of us, worthy of our confidence and that he would serve the people,? my aunt said.

Ayman Mohyeldin

My aunt Faten Mohyeldin voting for the time in her life.

My family lived one of the paradoxes of Egypt?s revolution. On Jan. 25, 2011, when the movement began, they sat in the comfort of their home, anxiously watching what was unfolding just a few miles away.

They didn?t participate in the revolution and never went to Tahrir Square, the epicenter of the protests. The weight of apathy from years of being marginalized as citizens was too much to overcome.

Their pessimism was deeply entrenched, and they didn?t believe change was possible.

Instead, those who did believe took to the streets every day for 18 days until they dislodged Mubarak.

Analysis: How Egypt's election may transform the Middle East

The revolutionaries achieved change that few in my extended family thought possible. Their sense of optimism not only galvanized a country but also resonated around the world.

Nearly 16 months later, the roles are somewhat reversed. Many in the youth movements and activists who brought about the change boycotted the presidential elections. And many who didn?t support the revolution early on are participating in the electoral process to bring about change.

Even notable political figures like Mohamed Mustafa ElBaradei ? a famed diplomat who ran the International Atomic Energy Agency during the run-up to the U.S. invasion of Iraq ? withdrew from the race in frustration because the transitional process from Mubarak to a democracy was being led by the military council.

Many revolutionaries shared his frustration that Egypt?s transition to democracy had been botched. Almost all agree the process could have been better.

Still, so many did vote.?

My aunt and Reham voted for someone very few would consider resembles change: Ahmed Shafiq, a former commander in the Air Force who briefly became the prime minister in the final days of Mubarak?s presidency.

NBC's Richard Engel talks about the importance of Egypt's first Democratic presidential elections since the fall of Hosni Mubarak.

Shafiq, they argue, represents stability and security, the very things that Egypt needs now after 16 months of chaos and uncertainty. Everything else for them is secondary. Security is the gateway to everything else and the only person who can deliver it is Shafiq, they say.

And while they understand why people criticize him for being a remnant of the old regime, they say it?s admirable that he would choose to run in the face of such adversity.

?It shows that he has character,? Reham says. ?

And if he steps out of line, Tahrir is always an option, she adds.

They argue that the other leading candidates, mainly the Islamist Mohammed Morsi, is duplicitous. His political party, the Muslim Brotherhood?s offshoot, the Freedom and Justice Party, has made every possible mistake they can so far, they believe.

?They have lied to the people about their political ambitions,? Reham says.

And for people new to the untrustworthy nature of elected officials and their constituents, that goes a long way in a place like Egypt that is experiencing the cunning of politics and politicians for the first time.

Voters lined up in Cairo to choose from five leading candidates: a socialist, two Islamists, and two with ties to former President Hosni Mubarak. NBC's Richard Engel reports.

?All you have to do is watch them fighting in parliament and you will see that they are not up to the responsibility of being in power,? my aunt adds.

As educated women who have worked, Mai and Reham don?t trust any Islamist politicians. They have already lied about many issues, so why would they not lie about their intentions to curb the rights of women or society at large? they ask.

Many Egyptians feel this way.? A poll conducted by Gallup shows Egyptians have quickly grown weary of Islamist politicians, who have seen their popularity wane from just a few short months ago.?

The yearning for security and stability among the older women in my family gives away to the idealism of youth.

NYT: Crime overtakes revolution as Egypt votes

My youngest cousin, Mai, voted for a socialist candidate, Hamdeen Sabahy.?While she does like Sabahy?s egalitarian campaign program, she concedes he is a tough sell for most Egyptians and a longshot for president. But she was disheartened by the choice of candidates that emerged in the wake of the revolution and so thinks that Sabahy was the best of the options, not because who he was per se, but rather who the others were.?

The most touching moment for me was watching 6-year-old Habeeba try to dip her finger in the voting ink as an election official pulled the bottle away.

After my aunt voted, with the ink still fresh on her finger, Habeeba reached up and pushed her finger up against her grandmother?s to rub some of the liquid onto herself.

Habeeba has seen her family genuinely vote three times in the past year.? She has witnessed the democratic process in action, no matter how flawed, more than any other woman in my family had in their entire lifetimes previously.

She is now growing up in a house where opinions differ and debates rage, but most importantly, will have a sense of belief that she and her voice will matter.

My aunt Faten, who spent her life believing her daughters would never cast a ballot that really mattered, is convinced her granddaughters will one day vote and it will make a difference.

Who knows, by the time Habeeba grows up it may become as routine as voting during a lunch break.

Ayman Mohyeldin

Two generations of my family voted for the first time. A future voter, Habeeba, 6, is eager to show she participated, too.

?

More world news from msnbc.com and NBC News:

Follow us on Twitter: @msnbc_world

?

grok cirque du freak eric cantor eric cantor pope joan pope joan paul pierce

Cannes 2012: Critics Scorecard

Cannes 2012: Critics Scorecard - Rotten Tomatoes

disableOverlay=, param.forceOverlay=

News ? Cannes 2012: Critics Scorecard

Who will take home this year's coveted Palme d'Or? We run down what the critics are saying about the Official Competition.


OFFICIAL COMPETITION


Featured on RT

Comments

Top Headlines

Log in with Facebook to share your reviews with friends, create a want-to-see list, and more!

Log In with Facebook

New data released raises concerns about European ... - World News

eu

WORLD NEWS TOMORROW ? LONDON : With European leaders squabbling over how to revive their withering economies, new market indicators Thursday showed the steep challenge they face, including signs that even powerhouse Germany may be heading for trouble.

A monthly index of manufacturing and services in the 17 nations Euro zone by Markit Economics fell in May to its lowest level in nearly three years. The index dropped to 45.9 from 46.7 in April, the fourth straight month it has registered a decline.

The news was particularly grim for manufacturing, which hasn?t fallen at so steep a rate since June 2009, Markit said. And in an especially worrisome sign, the overall output index for Germany, the motor of the European economy, declined slightly, only the second time it has done so in 34 months.

The gloomy data were released just hours after European Union leaders ended an informal summit with no concrete measures for dragging the region?s economy out of its growing slump. Concerted action by the EU is now not expected until late next month, unless the region?s debt and financial crisis escalates significantly before then.

That could happen June 17, when Greece, the flashpoint of the euro debt crisis, holds a second election to supersede an inconclusive poll earlier this month. Officials from the Euro-zone ? the 17 nations that use the euro ? fear that a popular anti-austerity party could take power and then renege on Athens? international bailout agreements, which would force a showdown that could see Greece expelled from the currency union.

Alarm over the situation and increasingly aggressive rhetoric out of Athens, Berlin and Brussels caused sharp losses for European stocks earlier this week. They recovered a bit of ground Thursday, despite the unpromising market data.

Backing up the findings of Markit Economics, the respected Info Business Climate Index also found a sharp decline in business confidence in Germany. The outlook for manufacturing and construction was down. Only the service sector was more optimistic in May than in April.

?The recent surge in uncertainty in the Euro-zone is impacting the German economy,? the report said.

Disagreement between Germany and France over how best to tackle Europe?s ongoing economic crisis broke wide open at the informal summit in Brussels. France?s new leader, Socialist President Francois Hollande, is pressing for more stimulus measures and for collectively backed government debt in the Euro-zone. German Chancellor Angela Merkel continues to insist on debt and deficit reduction, primarily through harsh spending cuts, as the No. 1 priority.

But swelling anti-austerity sentiment across Europe has pushed Merkel onto the back foot. On Thursday, after a meeting between the chancellor and top German lawmakers, opposition leader Sigmar Gabriel of the Social Democratic Party told reporters that Merkel now acknowledged the need for stronger measures to promote growth.

?The government?s blockade on this issue has been broken,? said Gabriel, whose support Merkel needs in order to secure German ratification of a European treaty on fiscal restraint that she has championed.

There was also discouraging news from outside the Eurozone. Economic output in Britain, which does not use the euro, contracted by 0.3% in the first quarter of this year, not 0.2% as previously thought, according to revised figures released Thursday.

Like several other European countries, including Spain and Italy, Britain has slid into a double-dip recession.

Critics of Prime Minister David Cameron?s government say the slide is due to the deepest public-spending cuts that Britain has seen in at least a generation.

?

facebook timeline kim jong il kim jong il vaclav havel vaclav havel kim jong ii dead snapdragon

Thursday, May 24, 2012

Private ship's space station flyby called success

This computer generated image provided by SpaceX shows their Dragon spacecraft with solar panels deployed. The world's first private supply ship flew tantalizingly close to the International Space Station on Thursday, May 24, 2012 but did not stop, completing a critical test in advance of the actual docking scheduled for Friday, May 25, 2012. (AP Photo/SpaceX)

This computer generated image provided by SpaceX shows their Dragon spacecraft with solar panels deployed. The world's first private supply ship flew tantalizingly close to the International Space Station on Thursday, May 24, 2012 but did not stop, completing a critical test in advance of the actual docking scheduled for Friday, May 25, 2012. (AP Photo/SpaceX)

FILE - In this Tuesday, May 22, 2012 file photo, the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket lifts off from space launch complex 40 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Fla. The privately built space capsule that's zipping its way to the International Space Station has also launched something else: A new for-profit space race. (AP Photo/John Raoux)

(AP) ? The world's first private supply ship flew tantalizingly close to the International Space Station on Thursday, passing a critical test in advance of Friday's actual docking.

The unmanned SpaceX Dragon capsule performed a practice lap around the orbiting lab and checked out its communication and navigation systems. Officials at the U.S. space agency, NASA, and the SpaceX company declared the rendezvous a success.

It is the first U.S. vessel to visit the space station since NASA's shuttles retired last summer ? and the first private spacecraft to ever attempt a delivery. The Dragon is carrying 1,000 pounds (453 kilograms) of provisions.

Thursday's accomplishment "is a big confidence boost. Everyone's very excited," said SpaceX mission director John Couluris. After working all night, he urged his team to go home and rest up for Friday. "It's exciting to be an American and part of putting American spacecraft into orbit, and we're very proud right now."

NASA flight director Holly Ridings said the mood was upbeat on her side as well, but noted "there's still a lot of really new things that the teams need to perform and the vehicles, frankly, need to perform" on Friday.

The space station astronauts struggled with bad computer monitors and camera trouble as the Dragon zoomed toward them, but the problem did not hold up the operation.

The astronauts successfully turned on Dragon's strobe light by remote control, but could not see it because of the sun glare and distance. The Dragon finally popped into camera view about 10 minutes later, appearing as a bright speck of light against the blackness of space, near the Earth's blue horizon. The two solar wings were clearly visible as the Dragon drew closer.

"Can nicely see the vehicle," Dutch spaceman Andre Kuipers said.

On Friday morning, Kuipers and fellow astronaut Donald Pettit will use the space station's robot arm to grab the Dragon and attach it to the complex. The crew will have just under a week to unload the contents before releasing the spacecraft for re-entry next Thursday. It is the only supply ship designed to return to Earth with experiments and equipment; the others burn up in the atmosphere.

SpaceX's objective is to help stockpile the space station, joining Russia, Europe and Japan in resupply duties. In three or four more years, however, the company run by the billionaire who co-founded PayPal, Elon Musk, hopes to be launching station astronauts.

It is the cornerstone of President Barack Obama's strategy for NASA: turning over orbital flights to private business so the space agency can concentrate on destinations farther afield, like asteroids and Mars. Several U.S. companies are competing for the opportunity.

Obama called Musk on Wednesday, a day after Dragon's flawless launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida, aboard the company's Falcon 9 rocket.

"The President just called to say congrats. Caller ID was blocked, so at first I thought it was a telemarketer," Musk said via Twitter early Thursday.

Couluris said two more supply trips are planned by year's end.

Associated Press

awakenings phantom of the opera agoraphobia andrew lloyd webber obscura grok cirque du freak

Fire rallies to beat?FC Dallas

Associated Press Sports

updated 10:01 p.m. ET May 23, 2012

BRIDGEVIEW, Ill. (AP) - Sebastian Grazzini and Marco Pappa scored and goalkeeper Sean Johnson stopped a penalty kick as the Chicago Fire rallied for a 2-1 victory over FC Dallas on Wednesday night.

The Fire (5-3-3) won for the third time in five matches to remain in fourth place in the Eastern Conference.

Defender Matt Hedges scored in the 41st minute to put FC Dallas (3-7-4) on the board first. Dallas extended its winless streak to eight matches (0-5-3) and remained winless on the road (0-5-1).

Grazzini tied the score in the 45th minute, lofting a 25-yard left-footed shot over Dallas goalkeeper Kevin Hartman's right shoulder.

Johnson stopped Blas Perez's penalty kick in the 52nd minute, diving to his right to get a hand on the low shot. The attempt was ordered when Fire forward Dominic Oduro tripped Bruno Guarda from behind near the goal line.

Pappa got the tiebreaker in the 63rd on rebound off a penalty kick by Grazzini. Pappa was three steps into the penalty area before Grazzini launched his kick, but no infraction was detected by referee Hilario Grajeda, and Pappa converted the rebound with goalkeeper Kevin Hartman on the turf. The penalty kick resulted from Dallas defender Zach Loyd pulling Pappa down as they chased a loose ball into the penalty area.

? 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


advertisement

More newsAFP - Getty Images
Barton suspended, very suspended

PST:?Instead of a good shaking, or a right proper spanking, the English FA has banned the naughty boy from Queens Park Rangers for 12 matches.

anchorman 2 kentucky basketball oaksterdam the fray national anthem dallas tornado ncaa basketball oikos

Phthalates in PVC floors taken up by the body in infants

ScienceDaily (May 23, 2012) ? A new study at Karlstad University in Sweden shows that phthalates from PVC flooring materials is taken up by our bodies. Phthalates are substances suspected to cause asthma and allergies, as well as other chronic diseases in children. The study shows that children can ingest these softening agents with food but also by breathing and through the skin.

Phthalates are a group of chemical compounds that occur in construction materials and a great number of common consumer goods such as toys, cleaning solvents, packaging, etc. Phthalates are suspected of disrupting hormones and may be related to several chronic diseases in children, like asthma and allergies, as shown in earlier studies. Flooring materials using softened PVC contain phthalates and have previously been shown to be a significant source of phthalates in indoor dust. This new study was designed to investigate whether flooring materials using PVC and other housing-related factors, together with other individual factors, can be tied to the uptake of phthalates by infants.

Urine samples were taken from 83 randomly selected children between the ages of two and six months by the county council in V?rmland in western Sweden. The prevalence of four types of phthalates in the urine was measured, and data were collected about flooring materials and the home, the family's lifestyle, and individual factors for the infants. The levels of certain phthalates (MBzP, a BBzP metabolite) proved to be higher in the urine of babies that had PVC materials on their bedroom floor. The levels of another phthalate metabolite related to DEHP were lower in two-month-old children if they were exclusively breastfed, with no supplements.

Earlier studies from the current group have shown that PVC flooring can be tied to the occurrence of phthalates in indoor dust, and that exposure for BBzP in indoor dust could be associated with allergic conditions in children. These new data thus show that the uptake of phthalates in infants can be related to flooring materials using softened PVC in the home. It should be pointed out that both DEHP and BBzP are banned for use in toys for small children owing to health risks.

"With this study as a basis, we can establish that there are other sources that should be taken into consideration in regard to the uptake of banned chemicals and that we do not only ingest them in our food," says Carl-Gustaf Bornehag, professor of public health at Karlstad University and leader of the study. The findings also show that phthalates can be taken up in different ways, both through food and probably through breathing and through the skin.

Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Expertanswer, via AlphaGalileo.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Carlstedt, F., J?nsson, B.A., Bornehag, C.G. PVC flooring is related to human uptake of phthalates in infants. Indoor Air, (accepted May 7, 2012) DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00788

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

marines urinating haley barbour olivier martinez peoples choice awards 2012 ford recalls robert kardashian chicago weather forecast

Wednesday, May 23, 2012

Artificial immune system gives baby vaccines a booster

WHEN a baby leaves the cocoon of its mother's womb, it faces a world of potential pathogens. Now, a model of the immature immune system - the first of its kind - promises to boost the development of vaccines designed specifically for newborns. There are very few such vaccines at present.

Around 1 million newborns, mainly in Asia and Africa, die every year from preventable infectious diseases, according to the World Health Organization. The best way to protect these children would be to vaccinate at birth, says Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz at Harvard Medical School in Boston. "These kids are seen by health professionals at birth, but not again," he says.

"A lot of infections happen early in life," says Ofer Levy, an immunologist who works with Sanchez-Schmitz at Harvard Medical School. So even if you do see the child again later on, "you've missed the boat".

Yet vaccines for newborns are lacking, Levy says. Most are developed for adults and adapted for younger people. "Vaccine development for newborns is very ad hoc these days," he says.

A baby's immune system is distinct from an adult's, and tends to mount a much weaker response to foreign material, including infectious agents. While this is vital in early life for coping with an onslaught of non-threatening bacteria, it also means that babies are more susceptible to some infections and don't respond as well to vaccines developed for adults. "Studies have shown that immunity wanes months after vaccination," says Levy.

To improve the development of vaccines for newborns, Levy, Sanchez-Schmitz and their colleagues have created a new way of modelling the newborn immune system.

The team first took blood from human umbilical veins and used it to culture two types of cells: those that make up blood-vessel walls and white blood cells, which are key drivers of the immune response. They were able to grow these cells in the collagen matrix that in the body forms their physical and biochemical support system - something that has not been done before - by finding the ideal conditions in which to mature the collagen. The system is topped off with newborn plasma - the liquid component of blood.

The model is the first artificial immune system to consist of entirely human components,and acts in a similar way to a real newborn's immune system, says Levy. His team watched as white blood cells passed through blood-vessel-wall cells and transformed into dendritic cells - which recognise foreign material and flag it as a target for other immune cells - just as they would when they come across a pathogen in the body.

In their latest experiment, the team found that the model responded to the BCG vaccine for tuberculosis in the same way that newborns have in clinical trials. "A single dose of BCG vaccine not only activates dendritic cells but enhances their ability to drive white-blood-cell proliferation and the generation of signalling molecules," just as it would in a newborn, says Levy. What's more, the model produced the same ratio of cells, says Sanchez-Schmitz, who presented the work at the American Association of Immunologists' annual meeting in Boston earlier this month.

The researchers reckon their model provides a reliable way to test vaccines before trialling them in newborns. "The aim is to do a clinical trial in a test tube," says Levy.

He and Sanchez-Schmitz are already using the model to develop new adjuvants - agents that are added to vaccines to boost their effect. "We are also working on a novel approach to an HIV vaccine," Levy says.

Paul Offit, a paediatrician and director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, points out that while the model will likely aid vaccine development, it won't replace clinical trials altogether. "It's a nice, helpful in vitro model to look at newborn immune responses, but you will ultimately have to test any vaccine in animals and eventually newborns," he says.

Sukumar Pal, an immunologist at the University of California, Irvine, hopes that the model will speed up vaccine development. "If I want to test 1000 vaccine candidates, I could use this system to do so in a very short period of time," he says, estimating it might cut his trials from eight weeks to just one. "The use of human collagen is very smart," Pal adds. "It's a wonderful model to test vaccines."

If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.

Have your say

Only subscribers may leave comments on this article. Please log in.

Only personal subscribers may leave comments on this article

Subscribe now to comment.

All comments should respect the New Scientist House Rules. If you think a particular comment breaks these rules then please use the "Report" link in that comment to report it to us.

If you are having a technical problem posting a comment, please contact technical support.

victoria secret fashion show brian williams patrice o neal patrice o neal wayne gretzky wayne gretzky occupy los angeles